Deployment Guide

Deploy your Cloudflare Functions to production.

Pre-Deployment Checklist

Local Testing

Always test locally before deploying.

Start Development Server

wrangler dev

This starts a local server at http://localhost:8787.

Test Your Functions

# Test a function
curl http://localhost:8787/api/comments

# Test with POST
curl -X POST http://localhost:8787/api/contact \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"name":"John","email":"john@example.com"}'

Building

Build your entire 11ty site with functions included.

npm run build

This:

  1. Generates 11ty site
  2. Copies functions to _site/functions/
  3. Injects version numbers into dist files

Verify functions are copied:

ls _site/functions/

Deployment Methods

Method 1: Wrangler CLI (Recommended)

Simplest and most common method.

# Deploy to production
wrangler publish

# Deploy to specific environment
wrangler publish --env production

# Deploy to staging
wrangler publish --env staging

Method 2: GitHub Actions

Automate deployment on push.

# .github/workflows/deploy.yml
name: Deploy

on:
  push:
    branches: [main]

jobs:
  deploy:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
      - uses: actions/setup-node@v3
        with:
          node-version: '18'
      - run: npm install
      - run: npm run build
      - name: Deploy to Cloudflare
        run: npx wrangler publish
        env:
          CLOUDFLARE_API_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.CLOUDFLARE_API_TOKEN }}

Method 3: Wrangler Pages

Deploy your entire site + functions.

# Create Pages project
wrangler pages project create my-project

# Deploy
wrangler pages deploy _site --project-name=my-project

Configuration for Production

wrangler.toml Setup

name = "my-project"
main = "functions/index.js"
compatibility_date = "2024-10-21"
type = "service"

[env.production]
name = "my-project-prod"
routes = [
  { pattern = "example.com/api/*", zone_id = "your-zone-id" }
]
vars = { ENVIRONMENT = "production" }

[env.staging]
name = "my-project-staging"
routes = [
  { pattern = "staging.example.com/api/*", zone_id = "your-zone-id" }
]
vars = { ENVIRONMENT = "staging" }

Environment Variables

Set secrets in Wrangler:

# Set for production
wrangler secret put API_KEY --env production

# Set for staging
wrangler secret put API_KEY --env staging

Or in wrangler.toml:

[env.production]
vars = {
  ENVIRONMENT = "production"
}

[env.production.secrets]
API_KEY = "your-secret-value"

Deployment Process

Step 1: Verify Build

npm run build

Check output:

ls _site/functions/

Step 2: Test Locally

wrangler dev

Visit http://localhost:8787 and test endpoints.

Step 3: Authenticate

wrangler login

Step 4: Deploy

wrangler publish

Step 5: Verify Deployment

# Check deployed version
wrangler tail

# Test deployed endpoint
curl https://your-domain.com/api/hello

Monitoring

View Logs

# Real-time logs
wrangler tail

# Specific environment
wrangler tail --env production

# Filter by status
wrangler tail --status ok

Performance Monitoring

Visit Cloudflare Dashboard:

  1. Go to Workers > Your Project
  2. Check Analytics tab
  3. Monitor request rates and errors

Error Tracking

# View recent errors
wrangler tail --status error

# Detailed logs
wrangler tail --format json

Troubleshooting

Functions Not Deploying

Problem: wrangler publish fails with “No functions found”

Solution: Ensure functions are in _site/functions/:

npm run build
ls _site/functions/
wrangler publish

Environment Variables Not Available

Problem: env.API_KEY is undefined

Solution: Set in wrangler.toml:

[env.production]
vars = { API_KEY = "your-value" }

Or use secrets:

wrangler secret put API_KEY --env production

Timeout Errors

Problem: Functions timing out

Solution: Check for long-running operations:

// ✗ Too slow
async function slowOperation() {
  await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 60000)); // 60 seconds
}

// ✓ Better
async function fastOperation() {
  // Keep under 30 seconds
  const timeout = Promise.race([
    doWork(),
    new Promise((_, reject) =>
      setTimeout(() => reject(new Error('Timeout')), 25000)
    )
  ]);
}

Updating Deployed Functions

Quick Update

# Edit functions locally
# Test with: wrangler dev
# Deploy:
wrangler publish

Rollback

Cloudflare keeps version history:

# List versions
wrangler deployments list

# Rollback to specific version
wrangler rollback --version <version-id>

Performance Tips

  1. Keep functions small – Faster cold starts
  2. Avoid N+1 queries – Batch database requests
  3. Use KV for data – Store frequently accessed data
  4. Monitor logs – Check wrangler tail for issues

Cost Optimization

Security Best Practices

  1. Use secrets – Never hardcode API keys
  2. Validate input – Check request data
  3. Log carefully – Don’t log sensitive data
  4. Use HTTPS – Always use secure connections

Next Steps

Deployed successfully? Time to scale! 🚀